API Proxmox
A revalider avec PX 5.2.
Gestion Cluster
Obtenir les paramètres d’un cluster
Commande :
pvesh get /cluster/options
Attention:
Les paramètres affichés, sont les paramètres qui ont été modifiés, les paramètres utilisés par défaut n’apparaissent pas.
Exemple :
pvesh get /cluster/options
Sortie :
200 OK { "keyboard" : "fr" }
Modification des paramètres d’un cluster
Commande :
pvesh set /cluster/options [Options]
Note:
Options : Voir le détail ci-dessous.
Exemple :
pvesh set /cluster/options -email_from=toto@exemple.fr
Sortie :
200 OK
Options :
Set datacenter options. -console (applet | html5 | vv) Select the default Console viewer. You can either use the builtin java applet (VNC), an external virt-viewer comtatible application (SPICE), or an HTML5 based viewer (noVNC). -delete string A list of settings you want to delete. -email_from string Specify email address to send notification from (default is root@$hostname) -http_proxy http://.* Specify external http proxy which is used for downloads (example: 'http://username:password@host:port/') -keyboard (da | de | de-ch | en-gb | en-us | es | fi | fr | fr-be | fr-ca | fr-ch | hu | is | it | ja | lt | mk | nl | no | pl | pt | pt-br | sl | sv | tr) Default keybord layout for vnc server. -language (de | en) Default GUI language. -max_workers integer (1 - N) Defines how many workers (per node) are maximal started on actions like 'stopall VMs' or task from the ha-manager. -migration_unsecure boolean Migration is secure using SSH tunnel by default. For secure private networks you can disable it to speed up migration.
Obtenir les informations de stockage d’un cluster
Commande :
pvesh get /storage [/Options]
Note:
Options : Rajouter le nom du stockage pour obtenir les informations le concernant seulement.
Exemple : pvesh get /storage/nom-du-volume
Exemple :
pvesh get /storage
Sortie :
200 OK [ { "content" : "images,rootdir", "digest" : "cc3b0b34aad25f896e9120df80da9e3f04af81a8", "storage" : "local-lvm", "thinpool" : "data", "type" : "lvmthin", "vgname" : "pve" }, { "content" : "iso,vztmpl,backup", "digest" : "cc3b0b34aad25f896e9120df80da9e3f04af81a8", "path" : "/var/lib/vz", "storage" : "local", "type" : "dir" } ]
Ajout d’un stockage dans un cluster
Commande :
pvesh create /storage -storage=<nom_du_stockage> -type=<type_de_stockage> [Options]
Note:
Nom_du_stockage : c’est le nom à donner au stockage créer.
Type_de_stockage : dir=répertoire local, drbd, nfs etc… Voir les options pour plus de détail.
Options : Voir le détail ci-dessous.
Exemple :
pvesh create /storage -storage=NAS2 -type=nfs -content=iso,images,vztmpl,rootdir -export=/zpool-124154/nas2/ -options="vers=3" -path=/mnt/pve/NAS2 -server=10.16.201.5 -shared=1
Sortie :
200 OK
Options :
Create a new storage. -authsupported string Authsupported. -base string Base volume. This volume is automatically activated. -blocksize string block size -comstar_hg string host group for comstar views -comstar_tg string target group for comstar views -content string Allowed content types. Note: value 'rootdir' is used for Containers, and value 'images' for KVM-Qemu VMs. -disable boolean Flag to disable the storage. -export string NFS export path. -format string Default Image format. -iscsiprovider string iscsi provider -krbd boolean Access rbd through krbd kernel module. -maxfiles integer (0 - N) Maximal number of backup files per VM. Use '0' for unlimted. -monhost string Monitors daemon ips. -nodes string List of cluster node names. -nowritecache boolean disable write caching on the target -options string NFS mount options (see 'man nfs') -path string File system path. -pool string Pool. -portal string iSCSI portal (IP or DNS name with optional port). -redundancy integer (1 - 16) (default=2) The redundancy count specifies the number of nodes to which the resource should be deployed. It must be at least 1 and at most the number of nodes in the cluster. -saferemove boolean Zero-out data when removing LVs. -saferemove_throughput string Wipe throughput (cstream -t parameter value). -server string Server IP or DNS name. -server[n] string Backup volfile server IP or DNS name. Requires option(s): server -shared boolean Mark storage as shared. -sparse boolean use sparse volumes -storage string The storage identifier. -target string iSCSI target. -thinpool string LVM thin pool LV name. -transport (rdma | tcp | unix) Gluster transport: tcp or rdma -type (dir | drbd | glusterfs | iscsi | iscsidirect | lvm | lvmthin | nfs | rbd | sheepdog | zfs | zfspool) Storage type. -username string RBD Id. -vgname string Volume group name. -volume string Glusterfs Volume.
Modification d’un stockage dans un cluster
Commande :
pvesh set /storage/<nom_du_stockage> [Options]
Note:
nom_du_stockage : c’est le nom du stockage créer à modifier.
Options : Voir le détail ci-dessous.
Exemple :
pvesh set /storage/NAS2 -content=images,vztmpl,rootdir
Sortie :
200 OK
Options :
Update storage configuration. -blocksize string block size -comstar_hg string host group for comstar views -comstar_tg string target group for comstar views -content string Allowed content types. Note: value 'rootdir' is used for Containers, and value 'images' for KVM-Qemu VMs. -delete string A list of settings you want to delete. -digest string Prevent changes if current configuration file has different SHA1 digest. This can be used to prevent concurrent modifications. -disable boolean Flag to disable the storage. -format string Default Image format. -krbd boolean Access rbd through krbd kernel module. -maxfiles integer (0 - N) Maximal number of backup files per VM. Use '0' for unlimted. -nodes string List of cluster node names. -nowritecache boolean disable write caching on the target -options string NFS mount options (see 'man nfs') -pool string Pool. -redundancy integer (1 - 16) (default=2) The redundancy count specifies the number of nodes to which the resource should be deployed. It must be at least 1 and at most the number of nodes in the cluster. -saferemove boolean Zero-out data when removing LVs. -saferemove_throughput string Wipe throughput (cstream -t parameter value). -server string Server IP or DNS name. -server[n] string Backup volfile server IP or DNS name. Requires option(s): server -shared boolean Mark storage as shared. -sparse boolean use sparse volumes -transport (rdma | tcp | unix) Gluster transport: tcp or rdma -username string RBD Id.
Suppression d’un stockage d’un cluster
Commande :
pvesh delete /storage/<nom_du_stockage>
Note:
Nom_du_stockage : c’est le nom du stockage créer à modifier.
Options : Voir le détail ci-dessous.
Important:
Attention, lors de la suppression d’un stockage d’un cluster, c’est sur l’ensemble des noeuds que le stockage est supprimé !
De plus, s’assurer que le stockage a supprimer ne contient plus aucune données concernant des VMs qui fonctionnerait encore, auquel cas, le point de montage reste actif pour que les VMs puissent continuer a fonctionner.
Néanmoins, dès qu’il y aura redémarrage d’un des noeuds, celui-ci ne pourra plus démarrer les VMs qui utilisent un stockage supprimé !
Exemple :
pvesh delete /storage/NAS2
Sortie :
200 OK
Ajout d’une machine proxmox dans un cluster
Commande :
pvecm add <nom_d_un_noeud> [options]
Note:
Nom_d_un_noeud : Nom de l'un des noeuds du cluster sur lequel on veux ajouter le noeud courant.
Options : Voir le détail ci-dessous.
Exemple :
pvecm add px1
Sortie :
copy corosync auth key stopping pve-cluster service backup old database waiting for quorum...OK generating node certificates merge known_hosts file restart services successfully added node 'px2' to cluster.
Options :
Adds the current node to an existing cluster. <hostname> string Hostname (or IP) of an existing cluster member. -force boolean Do not throw error if node already exists. -nodeid integer (1 - N) Node id for this node. -ring0_addr string Hostname (or IP) of the corosync ring0 address of this node. Defaults to nodes hostname. -ring1_addr string Hostname (or IP) of the corosync ring1 address, this needs an valid configured ring 1 interface in the cluster. -votes integer (0 - N) Number of votes for this node
Suppression d’une machine proxmox dans un cluster
Commande :
pvecm delnode <nom_du_noeud>
Note:
Nom_du_noeud : Nom du noeud a supprimer du cluster.
Attention:
Commande à exécuter sur un noeud du cluster autre que le noeud a supprimer !
Il faut couper les VMs de la machine a supprimer avant retrait du cluster.
Redémarrer le service pve-cluster une fois le noeud supprimé.
Exemple :
pvecm delnode px2
Sortie :
Aucune sortie.
Etat d’un cluster
Commande :
pvecm status
Exemple :
pvecm status
Sortie :
Quorum information ------------------ Date: Fri Feb 26 15:04:25 2016 Quorum provider: corosync_votequorum Nodes: 2 Node ID: 0x00000001 Ring ID: 1324 Quorate: Yes Votequorum information ---------------------- Expected votes: 2 Highest expected: 2 Total votes: 2 Quorum: 2 Flags: Quorate Membership information ---------------------- Nodeid Votes Name 0x00000001 1 192.168.1.1 (local) 0x00000002 1 192.168.1.2
Obtenir les ressources d’un cluster
Commande :
pvesh get /cluster/status
Exemple :
pvesh get /cluster/status
Sortie :
200 OK [ { "id" : "cluster", "name" : "px-cluster1", "nodes" : 2, "quorate" : 1, "type" : "cluster", "version" : 2 }, { "id" : "node/px2", "ip" : "192.168.1.2", "level" : "", "local" : 0, "name" : "px2", "nodeid" : 2, "online" : 1, "type" : "node" }, { "id" : "node/px1", "ip" : "192.168.1.1", "level" : "", "local" : 1, "name" : "px1", "nodeid" : 1, "online" : 1, "type" : "node" } ]
Obtenir les logs d’un cluster
Commande :
pvesh get /cluster/log [Options]
Note:
Options : Voir le détail ci-dessous.
Exemple :
pvesh get /cluster/log -max=3
Sortie :
200 OK [ { "msg" : "successful auth for user 'root@pam'", "node" : "px1", "pid" : 811, "pri" : 6, "tag" : "pvedaemon", "time" : 1456493894, "uid" : 290, "user" : "root@pam" }, { "msg" : "successful auth for user 'root@pam'", "node" : "px1", "pid" : 9827, "pri" : 6, "tag" : "pvedaemon", "time" : 1456492994, "uid" : 289, "user" : "root@pam" }, { "msg" : "successful auth for user 'root@pam'", "node" : "px1", "pid" : 9786, "pri" : 6, "tag" : "pvedaemon", "time" : 1456492094, "uid" : 288, "user" : "root@pam" } ]
Options :
Read cluster log -max integer (1 - N) Maximum number of entries.
Obtenir les logs d’un noeud
Commande :
pvesh get /nodes/nom_du_noeud/syslog [Options]
Note:
Nom_du_noeud : nom du noeud pour lequel on veux obtenir les logs.
Options : Voir le détail ci-dessous.
Exemple :
pvesh get /nodes/px1/sysloglog -limit=3
Sortie :
200 OK [ { "n" : 1, "t" : "-- Logs begin at Wed 2016-02-24 02:01:34 CET, end at Fri 2016-02-26 14:51:01 CET. --" }, { "n" : 2, "t" : "Feb 24 02:01:34 px1 systemd-journal[315]: Runtime journal is using 8.0M (max allowed 641.4M, trying to leave 962.1M free of 6.2G available → current limit 641.4M)." }, { "n" : 3, "t" : "Feb 24 02:01:34 px1 systemd-journal[315]: Runtime journal is using 8.0M (max allowed 641.4M, trying to leave 962.1M free of 6.2G available → current limit 641.4M)." } ]
Options :
Read system log -limit integer (0 - N) no description available -start integer (0 - N) no description available
Conteneur LXC
Les conteneurs LXC sont une alternative légère aux machines virtuelles entièrement virtualisées. Au lieu d'émuler un système d'exploitation complet, les conteneurs utilisent simplement le système d'exploitation de l'hôte sur lequel ils s'exécutent. Cela implique que tous les conteneurs utilisent le même noyau et qu'ils peuvent accéder directement aux ressources de l'hôte.
Ainsi, les conteneurs ne gaspillent pas la puissance du processeur ni la mémoire en raison de l'émulation du noyau. Les coûts d'exécution des conteneurs sont proches de zéro et généralement négligeables. Mais il y a aussi des inconvénients à prendre en compte:
- Vous ne pouvez utiliser que des systèmes d'exploitation basés sur Linux dans des conteneurs, c'est-à-dire qu'il n'est pas possible d'exécuter FreeBSD ou MS Windows à l'intérieur.
- Pour des raisons de sécurité, l'accès aux ressources de l'hôte doit être limité. Ceci est fait avec AppArmor, les filtres SecComp et les autres fonctionnalités du noyau. Ce qui signifie que certains appels système ne sont pas autorisés à l'intérieur des conteneurs.
Proxmox VE utilise LXC comme technologie de conteneur sous-jacente. Nous considérons LXC comme une bibliothèque de bas niveau, qui offre d'innombrables options. Il serait trop difficile d’utiliser directement ces outils. Au lieu de cela, nous fournissons un petit wrapper appelé pct, le “Proxmox Container Toolkit”.
La boîte à outils est étroitement associée à Proxmox VE. Cela signifie qu'il est conscient de la configuration du cluster et qu'il peut utiliser les mêmes ressources de réseau et de stockage que les machines virtuelles entièrement virtualisées. Vous pouvez même utiliser le pare-feu Proxmox VE ou gérer des conteneurs à l'aide de la structure HA.
Notre objectif principal est d'offrir un environnement comme on obtiendrait à partir d'une VM, mais sans la surcharge supplémentaire. Nous appelons cela “Conteneurs Système”.
Création/Restauration d’un container LXC
Commande :
pvesh create /nodes/<nom_du_noeud>/lxc -ostemplate <nom_du_template> -vmid <identifiant_du_container> [Options]
Note:
Nom du noeud : c’est le nom de la machine sur lequel on doit créer le container.
Nom du template : Base du système à installer, penser a mettre le chemin depuis le stockage, c’est a dire le nom du stockage ou est stocké votre image (dans l’exemple NAS), y compris le chemin d’accès au template (vztmpl)
Identifiant du container : Identifiant à attribuer au nouveau container, s’assurer qu’il n’existe pas !
Options : Voir le détail ci-dessous, permet de paramétrer directement le container a la création.
Exemple :
pvesh create /nodes/px1/lxc -ostemplate NAS:vztmpl/debian-8.0-standard_8.0-1_amd64.tar.gz -vmid 106
Sortie :
Options :
Create or restore a container. -arch (amd64 | i386) (default=amd64) OS architecture type. -cmode (console | shell | tty) (default=tty) Console mode. By default, the console command tries to open a connection to one of the available tty devices. By setting cmode to 'console' it tries to attach to /dev/console instead. If you set cmode to 'shell', it simply invokes a shell inside the container (no login). -console boolean (default=1) Attach a console device (/dev/console) to the container. -cpulimit number (0 - 128) (default=0) Limit of CPU usage. Note if the computer has 2 CPUs, it has a total of '2' CPU time. Value '0' indicates no CPU limit. -cpuunits integer (0 - 500000) (default=1024) CPU weight for a VM. Argument is used in the kernel fair scheduler. The larger the number is, the more CPU time this VM gets. Number is relative to the weights of all the other running VMs. NOTE: You can disable fair-scheduler configuration by setting this to 0. -description string Container description. Only used on the configuration web interface. -force boolean Allow to overwrite existing container. -hostname string Set a host name for the container. -ignore-unpack-errors boolean Ignore errors when extracting the template. -lock (backup | migrate | rollback | snapshot) Lock/unlock the VM. -memory integer (16 - N) (default=512) Amount of RAM for the VM in MB. -mp[n] mp=<Path>, [volume=]<volume> [,acl=<acl>] [,backup=<[1|0]>] [,quota=<[0|1]>] [,ro=<ro>] [,size=<DiskSize>] Use volume as container mount point (experimental feature). -nameserver string Sets DNS server IP address for a container. Create will automatically use the setting from the host if you neither set searchdomain nor nameserver. -net[n] name=<String> [,bridge=<vmbr<Number>>] [,firewall=<[1|0]>] [,gw=<GatewayIPv4>] [,gw6=<GatewayIPv6>] [,hwaddr=<MAC>] [,ip=<IPv4Format/CIDR>] [,ip6=<IPv6Format/CIDR>] [,mtu=<Number>] [,tag=<VlanNo>] [,trunks=<vlanid[;vlanid...]>] Specifies network interfaces for the container. -onboot boolean (default=0) Specifies whether a VM will be started during system bootup. -ostemplate string The OS template or backup file. -ostype (archlinux | centos | debian | fedora | opensuse | ubuntu) OS type. Corresponds to lxc setup scripts in /usr/share/lxc/config/<ostype>.common.conf. -password Sets root password inside container. -pool string Add the VM to the specified pool. -protection boolean (default=0) Sets the protection flag of the container. This will prevent the CT or CTs disk remove/update operation. -restore boolean Mark this as restore task. -rootfs [volume=]<volume> [,acl=<acl>] [,backup=<[1|0]>] [,quota=<[0|1]>] [,ro=<ro>] [,size=<DiskSize>] Use volume as container root. -searchdomain string Sets DNS search domains for a container. Create will automatically use the setting from the host if you neither set searchdomain nor nameserver. -startup [[order=]\d+] [,up=\d+] [,down=\d+] Startup and shutdown behavior. Order is a non-negative number defining the general startup order. Shutdown in done with reverse ordering. Additionally you can set the 'up' or 'down' delay in seconds, which specifies a delay to wait before the next VM is started or stopped. -storage string (default=local) Default Storage. -swap integer (0 - N) (default=512) Amount of SWAP for the VM in MB. -template boolean (default=0) Enable/disable Template. -tty integer (0 - 6) (default=2) Specify the number of tty available to the container -unprivileged boolean (default=0) Makes the container run as unprivileged user. (Should not be modified manually.) -unused[n] string Reference to unused volumes. -vmid integer (1 - N) The (unique) ID of the VM.
Démarrage d’un container LXC
Commande :
pvesh create /nodes/<nom_du_noeud>/lxc/<identifiant_du_container>/status/start [Options]
Note:
Nom du noeud : c’est le nom de la machine sur lequel le container se trouve.
Identifiant du container : Identifiant du container à démarrer.
Options : Voir le détail ci-dessous.
Exemple :
pvesh create /nodes/px1/lxc/106/status/start
Sortie :
Options :
Start the container.
-skiplock boolean
Ignore locks - only root is allowed to use this option.
Arrêt d’un container LXC
Commande :
pvesh create /nodes/nom_du_noeud/lxc/identifiant_du_container/status/shutdown [Options]
Note:
Nom du noeud : c’est le nom de la machine sur lequel le container se trouve.
Identifiant du container : identifiant du container à arrêter.
Options : Voir le détail ci-dessous.
Exemple :
pvesh create /nodes/px1/lxc/106/status/shutdown
Sortie :
Options :
Shutdown the container. -forceStop boolean (default=0) Make sure the Container stops. -timeout integer (0 - N) (default=60) Wait maximal timeout seconds.
Suppression d’un container LXC
Commande :
pvesh delete /nodes/nom_du_noeud/lxc/identifiant_du_container
Note:
Nom du noeud : c’est le nom de la machine sur lequel se trouve le container à supprimer.
Identifiant du container : identifiant du container à supprimer.
Exemple :
pvesh delete /nodes/px1/lxc/106
Sortie :
Obtenir les paramètres d’un container LXC
Commande :
pvesh get /nodes/nom_du_noeud/lxc/identifiant_du_container/config
Note:
Nom du noeud : c’est le nom de la machine sur lequel se trouve le container.
Identifiant du container : identifiant du container sur lequel on souhaite obtenir les paramètres.
Exemple :
pvesh get /nodes/px1/lxc/106/config
Sortie :
200 OK { "arch" : "amd64", "digest" : "2f8da8bfa7738522533d26c14fa389bc686f23b3", "hostname" : "CT106", "memory" : 512, "ostype" : "debian", "rootfs" : "local:106/vm-106-disk-1.raw,size=4G", "swap" : 512 }
Définir les paramètres d’un container LXC
Commande :
pvesh set /nodes/nom_du_noeud/lxc/identifiant_du_container/config [Options]
Note:
Nom du noeud : c’est le nom de la machine sur lequel se trouve le container.
Identifiant du container : identifiant du container sur lequel on souhaite définir les paramètres.
Options : Voir le détail ci-dessous.
Exemple :
pvesh set /nodes/px1/lxc/106/config -onboot=1
Sortie :
200 OK
Options :
Set container options. -arch (amd64 | i386) (default=amd64) OS architecture type. -cmode (console | shell | tty) (default=tty) Console mode. By default, the console command tries to open a connection to one of the available tty devices. By setting cmode to 'console' it tries to attach to /dev/console instead. If you set cmode to 'shell', it simply invokes a shell inside the container (no login). -console boolean (default=1) Attach a console device (/dev/console) to the container. -cpulimit number (0 - 128) (default=0) Limit of CPU usage. Note if the computer has 2 CPUs, it has a total of '2' CPU time. Value '0' indicates no CPU limit. -cpuunits integer (0 - 500000) (default=1024) CPU weight for a VM. Argument is used in the kernel fair scheduler. The larger the number is, the more CPU time this VM gets. Number is relative to the weights of all the other running VMs. NOTE: You can disable fair-scheduler configuration by setting this to 0. -delete string A list of settings you want to delete. -description string Container description. Only used on the configuration web interface. -digest string Prevent changes if current configuration file has different SHA1 digest. This can be used to prevent concurrent modifications. -hostname string Set a host name for the container. -lock (backup | migrate | rollback | snapshot) Lock/unlock the VM. -memory integer (16 - N) (default=512) Amount of RAM for the VM in MB. -mp[n] mp=<Path>, [volume=]<volume> [,acl=<acl>] [,backup=<[1|0]>] [,quota=<[0|1]>] [,ro=<ro>] [,size=<DiskSize>] Use volume as container mount point (experimental feature). -nameserver string Sets DNS server IP address for a container. Create will automatically use the setting from the host if you neither set searchdomain nor nameserver. -net[n] name=<String> [,bridge=<vmbr<Number>>] [,firewall=<[1|0]>] [,gw=<GatewayIPv4>] [,gw6=<GatewayIPv6>] [,hwaddr=<MAC>] [,ip=<IPv4Format/CIDR>] [,ip6=<IPv6Format/CIDR>] [,mtu=<Number>] [,tag=<VlanNo>] [,trunks=<vlanid[;vlanid...]>] Specifies network interfaces for the container. -onboot boolean (default=0) Specifies whether a VM will be started during system bootup. -ostype (archlinux | centos | debian | fedora | opensuse | ubuntu) OS type. Corresponds to lxc setup scripts in /usr/share/lxc/config/<ostype>.common.conf. -protection boolean (default=0) Sets the protection flag of the container. This will prevent the CT or CT's disk remove/update operation. -rootfs [volume=]<volume> [,acl=<acl>] [,backup=<[1|0]>] [,quota=<[0|1]>] [,ro=<ro>] [,size=<DiskSize>] Use volume as container root. -searchdomain string Sets DNS search domains for a container. Create will automatically use the setting from the host if you neither set searchdomain nor nameserver. -startup [[order=]\d+] [,up=\d+] [,down=\d+] Startup and shutdown behavior. Order is a non-negative number defining the general startup order. Shutdown in done with reverse ordering. Additionally you can set the 'up' or 'down' delay in seconds, which specifies a delay to wait before the next VM is started or stopped. -swap integer (0 - N) (default=512) Amount of SWAP for the VM in MB. -template boolean (default=0) Enable/disable Template. -tty integer (0 - 6) (default=2) Specify the number of tty available to the container -unprivileged boolean (default=0) Makes the container run as unprivileged user. (Should not be modified manually.) -unused[n] string Reference to unused volumes.
Redimensionner un disque LXC
Commande :
pvesh set /nodes/nom_du_noeud/lxc/identifiant_du_container/resize -disk nom_du_disque -size taille_a_ajouter [Options]
Note:
Nom du noeud : c’est le nom de la machine sur lequel se trouve le container.
Identifiant du container : identifiant du container sur lequel on souhaite modifier la taille du disque.
Nom du disque : rootfs pour le disque principal, pour les disques secondaire, mp0 à mp9, fonction expérimental !
Taille à ajouter : + la taille souhaitée et le multiplicateur Giga (G), Méga (M) etc…
Options : Voir le détail ci-dessous.
Important:
Attention : la réduction de taille n’est pas supportée !!!
Fonction expérimental…
Exemple :
pvesh set /nodes/px1/lxc/106/resize -disk=rootfs -size=+1G
Sortie :
Image resized. e2fsck 1.42.12 (29-Aug-2014) Pass 1: Checking inodes, blocks, and sizes Pass 2: Checking directory structure Pass 3: Checking directory connectivity Pass 4: Checking reference counts Pass 5: Checking group summary information /var/lib/vz/images/106/vm-106-disk-1.raw: 24847/327680 files (0.0% non-contiguous), 195014/1310720 blocks resize2fs 1.42.12 (29-Aug-2014) Resizing the filesystem on /var/lib/vz/images/106/vm-106-disk-1.raw to 1572864 (4k) blocks. The filesystem on /var/lib/vz/images/106/vm-106-disk-1.raw is now 1572864 (4k) blocks long. 200 OK
Options :
Resize a container mountpoint. -digest string Prevent changes if current configuration file has different SHA1 digest. This can be used to prevent concurrent modifications. -disk (mp0 | mp1 | mp2 | mp3 | mp4 | mp5 | mp6 | mp7 | mp8 | mp9 | rootfs) The disk you want to resize. -size \+?\d+(\.\d+)?[KMGT]? The new size. With the '+' sign the value is added to the actual size of the volume and without it, the value is taken as an absolute one. Shrinking disk size is not supported.
Création de sauvegarde d’un container LXC
Commande :
pvesh create /nodes/nom_du_noeud/vzdump -vmid=identifiant_du_container -mode=mode_de_sauvegarde -compress=mode_de_compression -storage=emplacement_du_stockage -remove=remove [Options]
Note:
Nom_du_noeud : c’est le nom de la machine sur lequel se trouve le container.
Identifiant_du_container : identifiant du container sur lequel on souhaite faire une sauvegarde.
Mode_de_sauvegarde : Suspend = met en pause la machine, Stop = Stoppe la machine et Snapshot = réalise un stop en réalité.
Mode_de_compression : lzo par défaut, gzip ou aucune, voir les options.
Emplacement_du_stockage: emplacement ou mettre la sauvegarde (dans le sens du stockage définit sur Proxmox).
Remove : Définit le nombre de sauvegarde antérieur a conserver, 0 garde tout, et fonction du paramètre maxfiles…
Options : Voir le détail ci-dessous.
Exemple :
pvesh create /nodes/px1/vzdump -vmid=106 -mode=stop -compress=lzo -storage=local -remove=0
Sortie :
INFO: starting new backup job: vzdump 106 --node px1 --mode stop --storage local --compress lzo --remove 0 INFO: Starting Backup of VM 106 (lxc) INFO: status = running INFO: backup mode: stop INFO: ionice priority: 7 INFO: stopping vm INFO: creating archive '/var/lib/vz/dump/vzdump-lxc-106-2016_02_26-14_00_39.tar.lzo' INFO: Total bytes written: 559196160 (534MiB, 182MiB/s) INFO: archive file size: 266MB INFO: restarting vm INFO: vm is online again after 11 seconds INFO: Finished Backup of VM 106 (00:00:11) INFO: Backup job finished successfully 200 OK UPID:px1:000003A4:014984E0:56D04C77:vzdump::root@pam:
Options :
Create backup. -all boolean (default=0) Backup all known VMs on this host. -bwlimit integer (0 - N) Limit I/O bandwidth (KBytes per second). -compress (0 | 1 | gzip | lzo) (default=lzo) Compress dump file. -dumpdir string Store resulting files to specified directory. -exclude string exclude specified VMs (assumes --all) -exclude-path string exclude certain files/directories (shell globs). -ionice integer (0 - 8) Set CFQ ionice priority. -lockwait integer (0 - N) Maximal time to wait for the global lock (minutes). -mailnotification (always | failure) (default=always) Specify when to send an email -mailto string no description available -maxfiles integer (1 - N) Maximal number of backup files per VM. -mode (snapshot | stop | suspend) (default=stop) Backup mode. -pigz integer (default=0) Uses pigz instead of gzip when N>0. N=1 uses half of cores, N>1 uses N as thread count. -quiet boolean (default=0) Be quiet. -remove boolean (default=1) Remove old backup files if there are more than 'maxfiles' backup files. -script string Use specified hook script. -size integer (500 - N) LVM snapshot size in MB. -stdexcludes boolean (default=1) Exclude temorary files and logs. -stdout boolean Write tar to stdout, not to a file. -stop boolean (default=0) Stop runnig backup jobs on this host. -stopwait integer (0 - N) Maximal time to wait until a VM is stopped (minutes). -storage string Store resulting file to this storage. -tmpdir string Store temporary files to specified directory. -vmid string The ID of the VM you want to backup.
Conteneur Qemu
Qemu (forme abrégée pour Quick Emulator) est un hyperviseur open source qui émule un ordinateur physique. Du point de vue du système hôte sur lequel Qemu s'exécute, Qemu est un programme utilisateur qui a accès à un certain nombre de ressources locales telles que partitions, fichiers, cartes réseau qui sont ensuite transmises à un ordinateur émulé qui les voit comme de vrais périphériques.
Un système d'exploitation invité fonctionnant sur l'ordinateur émulé accède à ces périphériques et s'exécute en cours d'exécution sur du matériel réel. Par exemple, vous pouvez transmettre une image iso en tant que paramètre à Qemu, et le système d'exploitation exécuté sur l'ordinateur émulé verra un véritable CDROM inséré dans un lecteur de CD.
Qemu peut émuler une grande variété de matériel d'ARM à Sparc, mais Proxmox VE ne concerne que l'émulation de clones PC 32 et 64 bits, car il représente la grande majorité du matériel du serveur. L'émulation des clones PC est également l'une des plus rapides en raison de la disponibilité des extensions de processeurs qui accélèrent considérablement Qemu lorsque l'architecture émulée est identique à l'architecture hôte.
Note:
Vous pouvez parfois rencontrer le terme KVM (machine virtuelle basée sur le noyau). Cela signifie que Qemu s'exécute avec le support des extensions du processeur de virtualisation, via le module Linux kvm. Dans le contexte de Proxmox VE, Qemu et KVM peuvent être utilisés indifféremment, car Qemu dans Proxmox VE essaiera toujours de charger le module kvm.
Qemu dans Proxmox VE s'exécute en tant que processus racine, car il est nécessaire pour accéder aux blocs et aux périphériques PCI.
Création/Restauration d’un container Qemu
Commande :
pvesh create /nodes/<nom_du_noeud>/qemu -vmid <identifiant_du_container> [Options]
Note:
Nom du noeud : c’est le nom de la machine sur lequel on doit créer le container.
Identifiant du container : Identifiant à attribuer au nouveau container, s’assurer qu’il n’existe pas !
Options : Voir le détail ci-dessous, permet de paramétrer directement le container a la création.
Exemple :
pvesh create /nodes/px1/qemu -vmid 106
Sortie :
Options :
Create or restore a virtual machine. -acpi boolean (default=1) Enable/disable ACPI. -agent boolean (default=0) Enable/disable Qemu GuestAgent. -archive string The backup file. -args string Note: this option is for experts only. It allows you to pass arbitrary arguments to kvm, for example: args: -no-reboot -no-hpet -autostart boolean (default=0) Automatic restart after crash (currently ignored). -balloon integer (0 - N) Amount of target RAM for the VM in MB. Using zero disables the ballon driver. -bios (ovmf | seabios) (default=seabios) Select BIOS implementation. -boot [acdn]{1,4} (default=cdn) Boot on floppy (a), hard disk (c), CD-ROM (d), or network (n). -bootdisk (ide|sata|scsi|virtio)\d+ Enable booting from specified disk. -cdrom volume This is an alias for option -ide2 -cores integer (1 - N) (default=1) The number of cores per socket. -cpu Emulated CPU type. -cpulimit number (0 - 128) (default=0) Limit of CPU usage. Note if the computer has 2 CPUs, it has total of '2' CPU time. Value '0' indicates no CPU limit. -cpuunits integer (0 - 500000) (default=1000) CPU weight for a VM. Argument is used in the kernel fair scheduler. The larger the number is, the more CPU time this VM gets. Number is relative to weights of all the other running VMs. NOTE: You can disable fair-scheduler configuration by setting this to 0. -description string Description for the VM. Only used on the configuration web interface. This is saved as comment inside the configuration file. -force boolean Allow to overwrite existing VM. Requires option(s): archive -freeze boolean Freeze CPU at startup (use 'c' monitor command to start execution). -hostpci[n] [host=]HOSTPCIDEVICE [,rombar=on|off] [,pcie=0|1] [,x-vga=on|off] Map host pci devices. HOSTPCIDEVICE syntax is: 'bus:dev.func' (hexadecimal numbers) You can us the 'lspci' command to list existing pci devices. The 'rombar' option determines whether or not the device's ROM will be visible in the guest's memory map (default is 'on'). Note: This option allows direct access to host hardware. So it is no longer possible to migrate such machines - use with special care. Experimental: user reported problems with this option. -hotplug string (default=network,disk,usb) Selectively enable hotplug features. This is a comma separated list of hotplug features: 'network', 'disk', 'cpu', 'memory' and 'usb'. Use '0' to disable hotplug completely. Value '1' is an alias for the default 'network,disk,usb'. -ide[n] [file=]<volume> [,aio=<native|threads>] [,backup=<on|off>] [,bps=<bps>] [,bps_rd=<bps>] [,bps_wr=<bps>] [,cache=<none|writethrough|writeback|unsafe|directsync>] [,cyls=<count>] [,discard=<ignore|on>] [,format=<drive format>] [,heads=<count>] [,iops=<iops>] [,iops_max=<iops>] [,iops_rd=<iops>] [,iops_rd_max=<iops>] [,iops_wr=<iops>] [,iops_wr_max=<iops>] [,mbps=<mbps>] [,mbps_max=<mbps>] [,mbps_rd=<mbps>] [,mbps_rd_max=<mbps>] [,mbps_wr=<mbps>] [,mbps_wr_max=<mbps>] [,media=<cdrom|disk>] [,model=<model>] [,rerror=<ignore|report|stop>] [,secs=<count>] [,serial=<serial>] [,snapshot=<on|off>] [,trans=<none|lba|auto>] [,werror=<enospc|ignore|report|stop>] Use volume as IDE hard disk or CD-ROM (n is 0 to 3). -keyboard (da | de | de-ch | en-gb | en-us | es | fi | fr | fr-be | fr-ca | fr-ch | hu | is | it | ja | lt | mk | nl | no | pl | pt | pt-br | sl | sv | tr) (default=en-us) Keybord layout for vnc server. Default is read from the datacenter configuration file. -kvm boolean (default=1) Enable/disable KVM hardware virtualization. -localtime boolean Set the real time clock to local time. This is enabled by default if ostype indicates a Microsoft OS. -lock (backup | migrate | rollback | snapshot) Lock/unlock the VM. -machine (pc|pc(-i440fx)?-\d+\.\d+(\.pxe)?|q35|pc-q35-\d+\.\d+(\.pxe)?) Specific the Qemu machine type. -memory integer (16 - N) (default=512) Amount of RAM for the VM in MB. This is the maximum available memory when you use the balloon device. -migrate_downtime number (0 - N) (default=0.1) Set maximum tolerated downtime (in seconds) for migrations. -migrate_speed integer (0 - N) (default=0) Set maximum speed (in MB/s) for migrations. Value 0 is no limit. -name string Set a name for the VM. Only used on the configuration web interface. -net[n] MODEL=XX:XX:XX:XX:XX:XX [,bridge=<dev>][,queues=<nbqueues>][,rate=<mbps>][,tag=<vlanid>][,trunks=<vlanid[;vlanid]>] [,firewall=0|1],link_down=0|1] Specify network devices. MODEL is one of: e1000 e1000-82540em e1000-82544gc e1000-82545em i82551 i82557b i82559er ne2k_isa ne2k_pci pcnet rtl8139 virtio vmxnet3 XX:XX:XX:XX:XX:XX should be an unique MAC address. This is automatically generated if not specified. The bridge parameter can be used to automatically add the interface to a bridge device. The Proxmox VE standard bridge is called 'vmbr0'. Option 'rate' is used to limit traffic bandwidth from and to this interface. It is specified as floating point number, unit is 'Megabytes per second'. If you specify no bridge, we create a kvm 'user' (NATed) network device, which provides DHCP and DNS services. The following addresses are used: 10.0.2.2 Gateway 10.0.2.3 DNS Server 10.0.2.4 SMB Server The DHCP server assign addresses to the guest starting from 10.0.2.15. -numa boolean (default=0) Enable/disable Numa. -numa[n] cpus=<id[-id],memory=<mb>[[,hostnodes=<id[-id]>][,policy=<preferred|bind|interleave>]] numa topology -onboot boolean (default=0) Specifies whether a VM will be started during system bootup. -ostype (l24 | l26 | other | solaris | w2k | w2k3 | w2k8 | win7 | win8 | wvista | wxp) Used to enable special optimization/features for specific operating systems: other => unspecified OS wxp => Microsoft Windows XP w2k => Microsoft Windows 2000 w2k3 => Microsoft Windows 2003 w2k8 => Microsoft Windows 2008 wvista => Microsoft Windows Vista win7 => Microsoft Windows 7 win8 => Microsoft Windows 8/2012 l24 => Linux 2.4 Kernel l26 => Linux 2.6/3.X Kernel solaris => solaris/opensolaris/openindiania kernel other|l24|l26|solaris ... no special behaviour wxp|w2k|w2k3|w2k8|wvista|win7|win8 ... use --localtime switch -parallel[n] /dev/parport\d+|/dev/usb/lp\d+ Map host parallel devices (n is 0 to 2). Note: This option allows direct access to host hardware. So it is no longer possible to migrate such machines - use with special care. Experimental: user reported problems with this option. -pool string Add the VM to the specified pool. -protection boolean (default=0) Sets the protection flag of the VM. This will prevent the remove operation. -reboot boolean (default=1) Allow reboot. If set to '0' the VM exit on reboot. -sata[n] [file=]<volume> [,aio=<native|threads>] [,backup=<on|off>] [,bps=<bps>] [,bps_rd=<bps>] [,bps_wr=<bps>] [,cache=<none|writethrough|writeback|unsafe|directsync>] [,cyls=<count>] [,discard=<ignore|on>] [,format=<drive format>] [,heads=<count>] [,iops=<iops>] [,iops_max=<iops>] [,iops_rd=<iops>] [,iops_rd_max=<iops>] [,iops_wr=<iops>] [,iops_wr_max=<iops>] [,mbps=<mbps>] [,mbps_max=<mbps>] [,mbps_rd=<mbps>] [,mbps_rd_max=<mbps>] [,mbps_wr=<mbps>] [,mbps_wr_max=<mbps>] [,media=<cdrom|disk>] [,rerror=<ignore|report|stop>] [,secs=<count>] [,serial=<serial>] [,snapshot=<on|off>] [,trans=<none|lba|auto>] [,werror=<enospc|ignore|report|stop>] Use volume as SATA hard disk or CD-ROM (n is 0 to 5). -scsi[n] [file=]<volume> [,aio=<native|threads>] [,backup=<on|off>] [,bps=<bps>] [,bps_rd=<bps>] [,bps_wr=<bps>] [,cache=<none|writethrough|writeback|unsafe|directsync>] [,cyls=<count>] [,discard=<ignore|on>] [,format=<drive format>] [,heads=<count>] [,iops=<iops>] [,iops_max=<iops>] [,iops_rd=<iops>] [,iops_rd_max=<iops>] [,iops_wr=<iops>] [,iops_wr_max=<iops>] [,iothread=<off|on>] [,mbps=<mbps>] [,mbps_max=<mbps>] [,mbps_rd=<mbps>] [,mbps_rd_max=<mbps>] [,mbps_wr=<mbps>] [,mbps_wr_max=<mbps>] [,media=<cdrom|disk>] [,queues=<nbqueues>] [,secs=<count>] [,serial=<serial>] [,snapshot=<on|off>] [,trans=<none|lba|auto>] [,werror=<enospc|ignore|report|stop>] Use volume as SCSI hard disk or CD-ROM (n is 0 to 13). -scsihw (lsi | lsi53c810 | megasas | pvscsi | virtio-scsi-pci | virtio-scsi-single) (default=lsi) scsi controller model -serial[n] (/dev/.+|socket) Create a serial device inside the VM (n is 0 to 3), and pass through a host serial device (i.e. /dev/ttyS0), or create a unix socket on the host side (use 'qm terminal' to open a terminal connection). Note: If you pass through a host serial device, it is no longer possible to migrate such machines - use with special care. Experimental: user reported problems with this option. -shares integer (0 - 50000) (default=1000) Amount of memory shares for auto-ballooning. The larger the number is, the more memory this VM gets. Number is relative to weights of all other running VMs. Using zero disables auto-ballooning. -smbios[n] [family=<str>] [,manufacturer=<name>] [,product=<name>] [,serial=<str>] [,sku=<str>] [,uuid=<UUID>] [,version=<str>] Specify SMBIOS type 1 fields. -smp integer (1 - N) (default=1) The number of CPUs. Please use option -sockets instead. -sockets integer (1 - N) (default=1) The number of CPU sockets. -startdate (now | YYYY-MM-DD | YYYY-MM-DDTHH:MM:SS) (default=now) Set the initial date of the real time clock. Valid format for date are: 'now' or '2006-06-17T16:01:21' or '2006-06-17'. -startup [[order=]\d+] [,up=\d+] [,down=\d+] Startup and shutdown behavior. Order is a non-negative number defining the general startup order. Shutdown in done with reverse ordering. Additionally you can set the 'up' or 'down' delay in seconds, which specifies a delay to wait before the next VM is started or stopped. -storage string Default storage. -tablet boolean (default=1) Enable/disable the usb tablet device. This device is usually needed to allow absolute mouse positioning with VNC. Else the mouse runs out of sync with normal VNC clients. If you are running lots of console-only guests on one host, you may consider disabling this to save some context switches. This is turned of by default if you use spice (vga=qxl). -tdf boolean (default=0) Enable/disable time drift fix. -template boolean (default=0) Enable/disable Template. -unique boolean Assign a unique random ethernet address. Requires option(s): archive -unused[n] string Reference to unused volumes. -usb[n] [host=]<HOSTUSBDEVICE|spice> [,usb3=<yes|no>] Configure an USB device (n is 0 to 4). This can be used to pass-through usb devices to the guest. HOSTUSBDEVICE syntax is: 'bus-port(.port)*' (decimal numbers) or 'vendor_id:product_id' (hexadeciaml numbers) or 'spice' You can use the 'lsusb -t' command to list existing usb devices. Note: This option allows direct access to host hardware. So it is no longer possible to migrate such machines - use with special care. The value 'spice' can be used to add a usb redirection devices for spice. The 'usb3' option determines whether the device is a USB3 device or not (this does currently not work reliably with spice redirection and is then ignored). -vcpus integer (1 - N) (default=0) Number of hotplugged vcpus. -vga (cirrus | qxl | qxl2 | qxl3 | qxl4 | serial0 | serial1 | serial2 | serial3 | std | vmware) Select VGA type. If you want to use high resolution modes (>=1280x1024x16) then you should use option 'std' or 'vmware'. Default is 'std' for win8/win7/w2k8, and 'cirrur' for other OS types. Option 'qxl' enables the SPICE display sever. You can also run without any graphic card using a serial devive as terminal. -virtio[n] [file=]<volume> [,aio=<native|threads>] [,backup=<on|off>] [,bps=<bps>] [,bps_rd=<bps>] [,bps_wr=<bps>] [,cache=<none|writethrough|writeback|unsafe|directsync>] [,cyls=<count>] [,discard=<ignore|on>] [,format=<drive format>] [,heads=<count>] [,iops=<iops>] [,iops_max=<iops>] [,iops_rd=<iops>] [,iops_rd_max=<iops>] [,iops_wr=<iops>] [,iops_wr_max=<iops>] [,iothread=<off|on>] [,mbps=<mbps>] [,mbps_max=<mbps>] [,mbps_rd=<mbps>] [,mbps_rd_max=<mbps>] [,mbps_wr=<mbps>] [,mbps_wr_max=<mbps>] [,media=<cdrom|disk>] [,rerror=<ignore|report|stop>] [,secs=<count>] [,serial=<serial>] [,snapshot=<on|off>] [,trans=<none|lba|auto>] [,werror=<enospc|ignore|report|stop>] Use volume as VIRTIO hard disk (n is 0 to 15). -vmid integer (1 - N) The (unique) ID of the VM. -watchdog [[model=]i6300esb|ib700] [,[action=]reset|shutdown|poweroff|pause|debug|none] Create a virtual hardware watchdog device. Once enabled (by a guest action), the watchdog must be periodically polled by an agent inside the guest or else the guest will be restarted (or execute the action specified)
Démarrage d’un container Qemu
Commande :
pvesh create /nodes/nom_du_noeud/qemu/identifiant_du_container/status/start [Options]
Note:
Nom du noeud : c’est le nom de la machine sur lequel le container se trouve.
Identifiant du container : identifiant du container à démarrer.
Options : Voir le détail ci-dessous.
Exemple :
pvesh create /nodes/px1/qemu/106/status/start
Sortie :
Options :
Start virtual machine. -machine (pc|pc(-i440fx)?-\d+\.\d+(\.pxe)?|q35|pc-q35-\d+\.\d+(\.pxe)?) Specific the Qemu machine type. -migratedfrom string The cluster node name. -skiplock boolean Ignore locks - only root is allowed to use this option. -stateuri string Some command save/restore state from this location.
Arrêt d’un container Qemu
Commande :
pvesh create /nodes/nom_du_noeud/qemu/identifiant_du_container/status/stop [Options]
Note:
Nom du noeud : c’est le nom de la machine sur lequel le container se trouve.
Identifiant du container : identifiant du container à arrêter.
Options : Voir le détail ci-dessous.
Exemple :
pvesh create /nodes/px1/qemu/106/status/stop
Sortie :
Options :
Stop virtual machine. -keepActive boolean (default=0) Do not decativate storage volumes. -migratedfrom string The cluster node name. -skiplock boolean Ignore locks - only root is allowed to use this option. -timeout integer (0 - N) Wait maximal timeout seconds.
Suppression d’un container Qemu
Commande :
pvesh delete /nodes/nom_du_noeud/qemu/identifiant_du_container [Options]
Note:
Nom du noeud : c’est le nom de la machine sur lequel se trouve le container à supprimer.
Identifiant du container : identifiant du container à supprimer.
Options : Voir le détail ci-dessous.
Exemple :
pvesh delete /nodes/px1/qemu/106
Sortie :
Options :
Destroy the vm (also delete all used/owned volumes). -skiplock boolean Ignore locks - only root is allowed to use this option.
Obtenir les paramètres d’un container Qemu
Commande :
pvesh get /nodes/nom_du_noeud/qemu/identifiant_du_container/config [Options]
Note:
Nom du noeud : c’est le nom de la machine sur lequel se trouve le container.
Identifiant du container : identifiant du container sur lequel on souhaite obtenir les paramètres.
Options : Voir le détail ci-dessous.
Exemple :
pvesh get /nodes/px1/qemu/106/config
Sortie :
200 OK { "bootdisk" : "sata0", "cores" : 1, "cpuunits" : 10024, "digest" : "2e42504177a9363babb041cfe940fb9f19ea7676", "ide2" : "none,media=cdrom", "memory" : 1024, "name" : "test-vm", "net0" : "e1000=3A:32:61:61:39:35,bridge=vmbr2", "net1" : "e1000=62:39:39:34:33:35,bridge=vmbr2", "numa" : 1, "onboot" : 1, "ostype" : "l26", "sata0" : "NAS-HA-1:100/vm-100-disk-1.qcow2,size=32G", "smbios1" : "uuid=40d7547c-2689-4161-8a26-8199b8d38333", "sockets" : 1 }
Options :
Get current virtual machine configuration. This does not include pending configuration changes (see 'pending' API). -current boolean (default=0) Get current values (instead of pending values).
Définir les paramètres d’un container Qemu
Commande :
pvesh set /nodes/nom_du_noeud/qemu/identifiant_du_container/config [Options]
Note:
Nom du noeud : c’est le nom de la machine sur lequel se trouve le container.
Identifiant du container : identifiant du container sur lequel on souhaite définir les paramètres.
Options : Voir le détail ci-dessous.
Exemple :
pvesh set /nodes/px1/qemu/106/config -onboot=1
Sortie :
update VM 100: -onboot 1 200 OK
Options :
Set virtual machine options (synchrounous API) - You should consider using the POST method instead for any actions involving hotplug or storage allocation. -acpi boolean (default=1) Enable/disable ACPI. -agent boolean (default=0) Enable/disable Qemu GuestAgent. -args string Note: this option is for experts only. It allows you to pass arbitrary arguments to kvm, for example: args: -no-reboot -no-hpet -autostart boolean (default=0) Automatic restart after crash (currently ignored). -balloon integer (0 - N) Amount of target RAM for the VM in MB. Using zero disables the ballon driver. -bios (ovmf | seabios) (default=seabios) Select BIOS implementation. -boot [acdn]{1,4} (default=cdn) Boot on floppy (a), hard disk (c), CD-ROM (d), or network (n). -bootdisk (ide|sata|scsi|virtio)\d+ Enable booting from specified disk. -cdrom volume This is an alias for option -ide2 -cores integer (1 - N) (default=1) The number of cores per socket. -cpu Emulated CPU type. -cpulimit number (0 - 128) (default=0) Limit of CPU usage. Note if the computer has 2 CPUs, it has total of '2' CPU time. Value '0' indicates no CPU limit. -cpuunits integer (0 - 500000) (default=1000) CPU weight for a VM. Argument is used in the kernel fair scheduler. The larger the number is, the more CPU time this VM gets. Number is relative to weights of all the other running VMs. NOTE: You can disable fair-scheduler configuration by setting this to 0. -delete string A list of settings you want to delete. -description string Description for the VM. Only used on the configuration web interface. This is saved as comment inside the configuration file. -digest string Prevent changes if current configuration file has different SHA1 digest. This can be used to prevent concurrent modifications. -force boolean Force physical removal. Without this, we simple remove the disk from the config file and create an additional configuration entry called 'unused[n]', which contains the volume ID. Unlink of unused[n] always cause physical removal. Requires option(s): delete -freeze boolean Freeze CPU at startup (use 'c' monitor command to start execution). -hostpci[n] [host=]HOSTPCIDEVICE [,rombar=on|off] [,pcie=0|1] [,x-vga=on|off] Map host pci devices. HOSTPCIDEVICE syntax is: 'bus:dev.func' (hexadecimal numbers) You can us the 'lspci' command to list existing pci devices. The 'rombar' option determines whether or not the device's ROM will be visible in the guest's memory map (default is 'on'). Note: This option allows direct access to host hardware. So it is no longer possible to migrate such machines - use with special care. Experimental: user reported problems with this option. -hotplug string (default=network,disk,usb) Selectively enable hotplug features. This is a comma separated list of hotplug features: 'network', 'disk', 'cpu', 'memory' and 'usb'. Use '0' to disable hotplug completely. Value '1' is an alias for the default 'network,disk,usb'. -ide[n] [file=]<volume> [,aio=<native|threads>] [,backup=<on|off>] [,bps=<bps>] [,bps_rd=<bps>] [,bps_wr=<bps>] [,cache=<none|writethrough|writeback|unsafe|directsync>] [,cyls=<count>] [,discard=<ignore|on>] [,format=<drive format>] [,heads=<count>] [,iops=<iops>] [,iops_max=<iops>] [,iops_rd=<iops>] [,iops_rd_max=<iops>] [,iops_wr=<iops>] [,iops_wr_max=<iops>] [,mbps=<mbps>] [,mbps_max=<mbps>] [,mbps_rd=<mbps>] [,mbps_rd_max=<mbps>] [,mbps_wr=<mbps>] [,mbps_wr_max=<mbps>] [,media=<cdrom|disk>] [,model=<model>] [,rerror=<ignore|report|stop>] [,secs=<count>] [,serial=<serial>] [,snapshot=<on|off>] [,trans=<none|lba|auto>] [,werror=<enospc|ignore|report|stop>] Use volume as IDE hard disk or CD-ROM (n is 0 to 3). -keyboard (da | de | de-ch | en-gb | en-us | es | fi | fr | fr-be | fr-ca | fr-ch | hu | is | it | ja | lt | mk | nl | no | pl | pt | pt-br | sl | sv | tr) (default=en-us) Keybord layout for vnc server. Default is read from the datacenter configuration file. -kvm boolean (default=1) Enable/disable KVM hardware virtualization. -localtime boolean Set the real time clock to local time. This is enabled by default if ostype indicates a Microsoft OS. -lock (backup | migrate | rollback | snapshot) Lock/unlock the VM. -machine (pc|pc(-i440fx)?-\d+\.\d+(\.pxe)?|q35|pc-q35-\d+\.\d+(\.pxe)?) Specific the Qemu machine type. -memory integer (16 - N) (default=512) Amount of RAM for the VM in MB. This is the maximum available memory when you use the balloon device. -migrate_downtime number (0 - N) (default=0.1) Set maximum tolerated downtime (in seconds) for migrations. -migrate_speed integer (0 - N) (default=0) Set maximum speed (in MB/s) for migrations. Value 0 is no limit. -name string Set a name for the VM. Only used on the configuration web interface. -net[n] MODEL=XX:XX:XX:XX:XX:XX [,bridge=<dev>][,queues=<nbqueues>][,rate=<mbps>][,tag=<vlanid>] [,trunks=<vlanid[;vlanid]>][,firewall=0|1],link_down=0|1] Specify network devices. MODEL is one of: e1000 e1000-82540em e1000-82544gc e1000-82545em i82551 i82557b i82559er ne2k_isa ne2k_pci pcnet rtl8139 virtio vmxnet3 XX:XX:XX:XX:XX:XX should be an unique MAC address. This is automatically generated if not specified. The bridge parameter can be used to automatically add the interface to a bridge device. The Proxmox VE standard bridge is called 'vmbr0'. Option 'rate' is used to limit traffic bandwidth from and to this interface. It is specified as floating point number, unit is 'Megabytes per second'. If you specify no bridge, we create a kvm 'user' (NATed) network device, which provides DHCP and DNS services. The following addresses are used: 10.0.2.2 Gateway 10.0.2.3 DNS Server 10.0.2.4 SMB Server The DHCP server assign addresses to the guest starting from 10.0.2.15. -numa boolean (default=0) Enable/disable Numa. -numa[n] cpus=<id[-id],memory=<mb>[[,hostnodes=<id[-id]>][,policy=<preferred|bind|interleave>]] numa topology -onboot boolean (default=0) Specifies whether a VM will be started during system bootup. -ostype (l24 | l26 | other | solaris | w2k | w2k3 | w2k8 | win7 | win8 | wvista | wxp) Used to enable special optimization/features for specific operating systems: other => unspecified OS wxp => Microsoft Windows XP w2k => Microsoft Windows 2000 w2k3 => Microsoft Windows 2003 w2k8 => Microsoft Windows 2008 wvista => Microsoft Windows Vista win7 => Microsoft Windows 7 win8 => Microsoft Windows 8/2012 l24 => Linux 2.4 Kernel l26 => Linux 2.6/3.X Kernel solaris => solaris/opensolaris/openindiania kernel other|l24|l26|solaris ... no special behaviour wxp|w2k|w2k3|w2k8|wvista|win7|win8 ... use --localtime switch -parallel[n] /dev/parport\d+|/dev/usb/lp\d+ Map host parallel devices (n is 0 to 2). Note: This option allows direct access to host hardware. So it is no longer possible to migrate such machines - use with special care. Experimental: user reported problems with this option. -protection boolean (default=0) Sets the protection flag of the VM. This will prevent the remove operation. -reboot boolean (default=1) Allow reboot. If set to '0' the VM exit on reboot. -revert string Revert a pending change. -sata[n] [file=]<volume> [,aio=<native|threads>] [,backup=<on|off>] [,bps=<bps>] [,bps_rd=<bps>] [,bps_wr=<bps>] [,cache=<none|writethrough|writeback|unsafe|directsync>] [,cyls=<count>] [,discard=<ignore|on>] [,format=<drive format>] [,heads=<count>] [,iops=<iops>] [,iops_max=<iops>] [,iops_rd=<iops>] [,iops_rd_max=<iops>] [,iops_wr=<iops>] [,iops_wr_max=<iops>] [,mbps=<mbps>] [,mbps_max=<mbps>] [,mbps_rd=<mbps>] [,mbps_rd_max=<mbps>] [,mbps_wr=<mbps>] [,mbps_wr_max=<mbps>] [,media=<cdrom|disk>] [,rerror=<ignore|report|stop>] [,secs=<count>] [,serial=<serial>] [,snapshot=<on|off>] [,trans=<none|lba|auto>] [,werror=<enospc|ignore|report|stop>] Use volume as SATA hard disk or CD-ROM (n is 0 to 5). -scsi[n] [file=]<volume> [,aio=<native|threads>] [,backup=<on|off>] [,bps=<bps>] [,bps_rd=<bps>] [,bps_wr=<bps>] [,cache=<none|writethrough|writeback|unsafe|directsync>] [,cyls=<count>] [,discard=<ignore|on>] [,format=<drive format>] [,heads=<count>] [,iops=<iops>] [,iops_max=<iops>] [,iops_rd=<iops>] [,iops_rd_max=<iops>] [,iops_wr=<iops>] [,iops_wr_max=<iops>] [,iothread=<off|on>] [,mbps=<mbps>] [,mbps_max=<mbps>] [,mbps_rd=<mbps>] [,mbps_rd_max=<mbps>] [,mbps_wr=<mbps>] [,mbps_wr_max=<mbps>] [,media=<cdrom|disk>] [,queues=<nbqueues>] [,secs=<count>] [,serial=<serial>] [,snapshot=<on|off>] [,trans=<none|lba|auto>] [,werror=<enospc|ignore|report|stop>] Use volume as SCSI hard disk or CD-ROM (n is 0 to 13). -scsihw (lsi | lsi53c810 | megasas | pvscsi | virtio-scsi-pci | virtio-scsi-single) (default=lsi) scsi controller model -serial[n] (/dev/.+|socket) Create a serial device inside the VM (n is 0 to 3), and pass through a host serial device (i.e. /dev/ttyS0), or create a unix socket on the host side (use 'qm terminal' to open a terminal connection). Note: If you pass through a host serial device, it is no longer possible to migrate such machines - use with special care. Experimental: user reported problems with this option. -shares integer (0 - 50000) (default=1000) Amount of memory shares for auto-ballooning. The larger the number is, the more memory this VM gets. Number is relative to weights of all other running VMs. Using zero disables auto-ballooning -skiplock boolean Ignore locks - only root is allowed to use this option. -smbios[n] [family=<str>] [,manufacturer=<name>] [,product=<name>] [,serial=<str>] [,sku=<str>] [,uuid=<UUID>] [,version=<str>] Specify SMBIOS type 1 fields. -smp integer (1 - N) (default=1) The number of CPUs. Please use option -sockets instead. -sockets integer (1 - N) (default=1) The number of CPU sockets. -startdate (now | YYYY-MM-DD | YYYY-MM-DDTHH:MM:SS) (default=now) Set the initial date of the real time clock. Valid format for date are: 'now' or '2006-06-17T16:01:21' or '2006-06-17'. -startup [[order=]\d+] [,up=\d+] [,down=\d+] Startup and shutdown behavior. Order is a non-negative number defining the general startup order. Shutdown in done with reverse ordering. Additionally you can set the 'up' or 'down' delay in seconds, which specifies a delay to wait before the next VM is started or stopped. -tablet boolean (default=1) Enable/disable the usb tablet device. This device is usually needed to allow absolute mouse positioning with VNC. Else the mouse runs out of sync with normal VNC clients. If you are running lots of console-only guests on one host, you may consider disabling this to save some context switches. This is turned of by default if you use spice (vga=qxl). -tdf boolean (default=0) Enable/disable time drift fix. -template boolean (default=0) Enable/disable Template. -unused[n] string Reference to unused volumes. -usb[n] [host=]<HOSTUSBDEVICE|spice> [,usb3=<yes|no>] Configure an USB device (n is 0 to 4). This can be used to pass-through usb devices to the guest. HOSTUSBDEVICE syntax is: 'bus-port(.port)*' (decimal numbers) or 'vendor_id:product_id' (hexadeciaml numbers) or 'spice' You can use the 'lsusb -t' command to list existing usb devices. Note: This option allows direct access to host hardware. So it is no longer possible to migrate such machines - use with special care. The value 'spice' can be used to add a usb redirection devices for spice. The 'usb3' option determines whether the device is a USB3 device or not (this does currently not work reliably with spice redirection and is then ignored). -vcpus integer (1 - N) (default=0) Number of hotplugged vcpus. -vga (cirrus | qxl | qxl2 | qxl3 | qxl4 | serial0 | serial1 | serial2 | serial3 | std | vmware) Select VGA type. If you want to use high resolution modes (>=1280x1024x16) then you should use option 'std' or 'vmware'. Default is 'std' for win8/win7/w2k8, and 'cirrur' for other OS types. Option 'qxl' enables the SPICE display sever. You can also run without any graphic card using a serial devive as terminal. -virtio[n] [file=]<volume> [,aio=<native|threads>] [,backup=<on|off>] [,bps=<bps>] [,bps_rd=<bps>] [,bps_wr=<bps>] [,cache=<none|writethrough|writeback|unsafe|directsync>] [,cyls=<count>] [,discard=<ignore|on>] [,format=<drive format>] [,heads=<count>] [,iops=<iops>] [,iops_max=<iops>] [,iops_rd=<iops>] [,iops_rd_max=<iops>] [,iops_wr=<iops>] [,iops_wr_max=<iops>] [,iothread=<off|on>] [,mbps=<mbps>] [,mbps_max=<mbps>] [,mbps_rd=<mbps>] [,mbps_rd_max=<mbps>] [,mbps_wr=<mbps>] [,mbps_wr_max=<mbps>] [,media=<cdrom|disk>] [,rerror=<ignore|report|stop>] [,secs=<count>] [,serial=<serial>] [,snapshot=<on|off>] [,trans=<none|lba|auto>] [,werror=<enospc|ignore|report|stop>] Use volume as VIRTIO hard disk (n is 0 to 15). -watchdog [[model=]i6300esb|ib700] [,[action=]reset|shutdown|poweroff|pause|debug|none] Create a virtual hardware watchdog device. Once enabled (by a guest action), the watchdog must be periodically polled by an agent inside the guest or else the guest will be restarted (or execute the action specified)
Redimensionner un disque Qemu
Commande :
pvesh set /nodes/nom_du_noeud/qemu/identifiant_du_container/ resize -disk nom_du_disque -size taille_a_ajouter [Options]
Note:
Nom du noeud : c’est le nom de la machine sur lequel se trouve le container.
Identifiant du container : identifiant du container sur lequel on souhaite modifier la taille du disque.
Nom du disque : identifiant du disque a redimmensionner.
Taille à ajouter : + la taille souhaitée et le multiplicateur Giga (G), Méga (M) etc…
Options : Voir le détail ci-dessous.
Important:
Attention : la réduction de taille n’est pas supportée !!!
Pour obtenir le nom du disque se référer à la configuration du container (voir l’obtention de la configuration plus haut).
Exemple :
pvesh set /nodes/px1/qemu/100/resize -disk=sata0 -size=+1G
Sortie :
200 OK
Options :
Extend volume size. -digest string Prevent changes if current configuration file has different SHA1 digest. This can be used to prevent concurrent modifications. -disk (ide0 | ide1 | ide2 | ide3 | sata0 | sata1 | sata2 | sata3 | sata4 | sata5 | scsi0 | scsi1 | scsi10 | scsi11 | scsi12 | scsi13 | scsi2 | scsi3 | scsi4 | scsi5 | scsi6 | scsi7 | scsi8 | scsi9 | virtio0 | virtio1 | virtio10 | virtio11 | virtio12 | virtio13 | virtio14 | virtio15 | virtio2 | virtio3 | virtio4 | virtio5 | virtio6 | virtio7 | virtio8 | virtio9) The disk you want to resize. -size \+?\d+(\.\d+)?[KMGT]? The new size. With the '+' sign the value is added to the actual size of the volume and without it, the value is taken as an absolute one. Shrinking disk size is not supported. -skiplock boolean Ignore locks - only root is allowed to use this option.
Création de sauvegarde d’un container Qemu
Commande :
pvesh create /nodes/nom_du_noeud/vzdump -vmid=identifiant_du_container -mode=mode_de_sauvegarde -compress=mode_de_compression -storage=emplacement_du_stockage -remove=remove [Options]
Note:
Nom_du_noeud : c’est le nom de la machine sur lequel se trouve le container.
Identifiant_du_container : identifiant du container sur lequel on souhaite faire une sauvegarde.
Mode_de_sauvegarde : Suspend = met en pause la machine, Stop = Stoppe la machine et Snapshot = réalise un stop en réalité.
Mode_de_compression : lzo par défaut, gzip ou aucune, voir les options.
Emplacement_du_stockage : emplacement ou mettre la sauvegarde (dans le sens du stockage définit sur Proxmox).
Remove : Définit le nombre de sauvegarde antérieur a conserver, 0 garde tout, et fonction du paramètre maxfiles…
Options : Voir le détail ci-dessous.
Exemple :
pvesh create /nodes/px1/vzdump -vmid=100 -mode=stop -compress=lzo -storage=local -remove=0
Sortie :
INFO: starting new backup job: vzdump 100 --remove 0 --compress lzo --node px1 --storage local --mode stop INFO: Starting Backup of VM 100 (qemu) INFO: status = running INFO: update VM 100: -lock backup INFO: backup mode: stop INFO: ionice priority: 7 INFO: stopping vm INFO: snapshots found (not included into backup) INFO: creating archive '/var/lib/vz/dump/vzdump-qemu-100-2016_02_26-13_32_58.vma.lzo' INFO: starting kvm to execute backup task Running as unit 100.scope. INFO: started backup task '93ad08bd-2b2f-48b3-ac20-967097c7fcbb' INFO: resume VM INFO: status: 0% (199032832/35433480192), sparse 0% (128159744), duration 3, 66/23 MB/s INFO: status: 1% (404750336/35433480192), sparse 0% (141422592), duration 7, 51/48 MB/s INFO: status: 2% (718143488/35433480192), sparse 0% (185581568), duration 13, 52/44 MB/s INFO: status: 3% (1109458944/35433480192), sparse 0% (203128832), duration 21, 48/46 MB/s INFO: status: 4% (1437204480/35433480192), sparse 0% (265756672), duration 27, 54/44 MB/s INFO: status: 5% (1799356416/35433480192), sparse 1% (528769024), duration 33, 60/16 MB/s INFO: status: 6% (2129395712/35433480192), sparse 2% (858480640), duration 38, 66/0 MB/s INFO: status: 7% (2519072768/35433480192), sparse 3% (1140248576), duration 44, 64/17 MB/s INFO: status: 8% (2848129024/35433480192), sparse 4% (1469304832), duration 49, 65/0 MB/s INFO: status: 9% (3251175424/35433480192), sparse 5% (1872351232), duration 55, 67/0 MB/s … … … INFO: status: 95% (33689042944/35433480192), sparse 89% (31587184640), duration 524, 63/0 MB/s INFO: status: 96% (34076950528/35433480192), sparse 90% (31975092224), duration 530, 64/0 MB/s INFO: status: 100% (35433480192/35433480192), sparse 94% (33331621888), duration 535, 271/0 MB/s INFO: transferred 35433 MB in 535 seconds (66 MB/s) INFO: archive file size: 991MB INFO: vm is online again after 541 seconds INFO: Finished Backup of VM 100 (00:09:02) INFO: Backup job finished successfully 200 OK UPID:px1:00000B3C:0146FC0C:56D045FA:vzdump::root@pam:
Options :
Create backup. -all boolean (default=0) Backup all known VMs on this host. -bwlimit integer (0 - N) Limit I/O bandwidth (KBytes per second). -compress (0 | 1 | gzip | lzo) (default=lzo) Compress dump file. -dumpdir string Store resulting files to specified directory. -exclude string exclude specified VMs (assumes --all) -exclude-path string exclude certain files/directories (shell globs). -ionice integer (0 - 8) Set CFQ ionice priority. -lockwait integer (0 - N) Maximal time to wait for the global lock (minutes). -mailnotification (always | failure) (default=always) Specify when to send an email -mailto string no description available -maxfiles integer (1 - N) Maximal number of backup files per VM. -mode (snapshot | stop | suspend) (default=stop) Backup mode. -pigz integer (default=0) Uses pigz instead of gzip when N>0. N=1 uses half of cores, N>1 uses N as thread count. -quiet boolean (default=0) Be quiet. -remove boolean (default=1) Remove old backup files if there are more than 'maxfiles' backup files. -script string Use specified hook script. -size integer (500 - N) LVM snapshot size in MB. -stdexcludes boolean (default=1) Exclude temorary files and logs. -stdout boolean Write tar to stdout, not to a file. -stop boolean (default=0) Stop runnig backup jobs on this host. -stopwait integer (0 - N) Maximal time to wait until a VM is stopped (minutes). -storage string Store resulting file to this storage. -tmpdir string Store temporary files to specified directory. -vmid string The ID of the VM you want to backup.